Ballotpedia, Donald Trump

UVA Miller Center, Donald Trump: Life Before the Presidency

The Trump Organization

Opposes education on race, racism, and gender identity and said he would "cut federal funding for any school pushing critical race theory [and] radical gender ideology."

Wants school principals to be elected by parents.

Wants to cut the number of school administrators and adopt "merit pay" for teachers.

- Opposes education on race, racism, and gender identity and said he would "cut federal funding for any school pushing critical race theory [and] radical gender ideology."
- Wants school principals to be elected by parents.
- Wants to cut the number of school administrators and adopt "merit pay" for teachers.

Education

Forbes, Trump Would Veto National Abortion Ban, Vance Says—As Democrats Hit GOP On Abortion

The Washington Post, Harris vs. Trump on abortion: Where they stand on the issue

Supports price transparency and reducing the cost of prescription drugs and health insurance premiums.

Opposes a federal ban on abortion and believes it should be decided by each state.

Called Florida's 6-week abortion ban too strict, but voted against a ballot amendment to allow abortion up to 22-24 weeks after conception.

Suggested he would consider restricting access to medication abortion pills, but previously praised a Supreme Court decision that allowed access to the drug.

- Supports price transparency and reducing the cost of prescription drugs and health insurance premiums.
- Opposes a federal ban on abortion and believes it should be decided by each state.
- Called Florida's 6-week abortion ban too strict, but voted against a ballot amendment to allow abortion up to 22-24 weeks after conception.
- Suggested he would consider restricting access to medication abortion pills, but previously praised a Supreme Court decision that allowed access to the drug.

Healthcare

Opposes the participation of transgender women in "women's sports."

Wants to impose the death penalty for drug smugglers and traffickers.

Promises to increase funding to hire and retain police officers and strengthen qualified immunity, which prevents local and state government officials from being sued in civil court.

Wants to "limit the ability of big social media platforms to restrict free speech."

- Opposes the participation of transgender women in "women's sports."
- Wants to impose the death penalty for drug smugglers and traffickers.
- Promises to increase funding to hire and retain police officers and strengthen qualified immunity, which prevents local and state government officials from being sued in civil court.
- Opposes gun control legislation.
- Wants to "limit the ability of big social media platforms to restrict free speech."

Public Safety

Wants to "carry out the largest deportation operation in American history."

Acknowledged Israeli sovereignty over the Golan Heights.

As president, he withdrew the US from the Iran Nuclear Deal, which mandated that Iran dismantle its nuclear operations and allow international inspections in exchange for sanctions relief.

As president, instituted multiple temporary travel bans from countries including Iran, Libya, Somalia, Syria, Yemen, North Korea, and Venezuela.

Plans to end catch-and-release programs and wants to restore the remain-in-Mexico policy. This would mandate that asylum seekers remain in Mexico while their asylum status is being evaluated, which could take months.

Plans to "strengthen and modernize" the US military.

- Wants to "carry out the largest deportation operation in American history."
- Acknowledged Israeli sovereignty over the Golan Heights.
- As president, he withdrew the US from the Iran Nuclear Deal, which mandated that Iran dismantle its nuclear operations and allow international inspections in exchange for sanctions relief.
- As president, instituted multiple temporary travel bans from countries including Iran, Libya, Somalia, Syria, Yemen, North Korea, and Venezuela.
- Plans to end catch-and-release programs and wants to restore the remain-in-Mexico policy. This would mandate that asylum seekers remain in Mexico while their asylum status is being evaluated, which could take months.
- Plans to "strengthen and modernize" the US military.

Foreign Policy and Immigration

Hopes to make the US the top energy producer in the world.

As president, withdrew the US from the Paris Climate Accord and approved the construction of the Keystone XL and Dakota Access pipelines.

- Hopes to make the US the top energy producer in the world.
- As president, withdrew the US from the Paris Climate Accord and approved the construction of the Keystone XL and Dakota Access pipelines.

Environment

History, President Donald Trump impeached

POLITICO, A Stunning Result in Trump’s Sexual Assault Trial

In December 2019, Trump was impeached on charges of abuse of power and obstruction of congress by the US House. The charges claim he used his position to solicit the government of Ukraine into investigating Joe Biden. He was acquitted by the US Senate.

In January 2021, Trump was impeached for encouraging the insurrection of the US Capitol. He was acquitted by the US Senate.

In May 2023, Trump was found liable in 2 civil cases brought by E. Jean Carroll for battery and defamation. The jury concluded he sexually assaulted Carroll.

In August 2023, Trump was indicted for interference in the 2020 presidential election. The charges claim that, in a recorded phone call, President Trump urged the secretary of state of Georgia, Brad Raffensperger, to “find” enough votes to overturn the Georgia Presidential election results and threatened Secretary Raffensperger if he failed to do so. The case in ongoing. 

In May 2024, Trump was convicted of felony crimes and found guilty of 34 counts of falsifying business records.

- In December 2019, Trump was impeached on charges of abuse of power and obstruction of congress by the US House. The charges claim he used his position to solicit the government of Ukraine into investigating Joe Biden. He was acquitted by the US Senate.
- In January 2021, Trump was impeached for encouraging the insurrection of the US Capitol. He was acquitted by the US Senate.
- In May 2023, Trump was found liable in 2 civil cases brought by E. Jean Carroll for battery and defamation. The jury concluded he sexually assaulted Carroll.
- In August 2023, Trump was indicted for interference in the 2020 presidential election. The charges claim that, in a recorded phone call, President Trump urged the secretary of state of Georgia, Brad Raffensperger, to “find” enough votes to overturn the Georgia Presidential election results and threatened Secretary Raffensperger if he failed to do so. The case in ongoing. 
- In May 2024, Trump was convicted of felony crimes and found guilty of 34 counts of falsifying business records.

Ethics & Conduct

Tax Policy Center, Analysis of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act

Tax Foundation, A Lower Corporate Tax Rate Can Be Part of Broader Tax Reform

Supports tax cuts for workers and opposes taxes on tips.

As president, oversaw the passage of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, which reduced taxes for most Americans for 2018 and 2025, with the highest portion of tax cuts being granted to those in the 95th - 99th percentile of income.

As president, reduced the federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21%. If reelected, he would further reduce the rate to 15%.

Advocates for increased manufacturing in the United States.

- Supports tax cuts for workers and opposes taxes on tips.
- As president, oversaw the passage of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, which reduced taxes for most Americans for 2018 and 2025, with the highest portion of tax cuts being granted to those in the 95th - 99th percentile of income.
- As president, reduced the federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21%. If reelected, he would further reduce the rate to 15%.
- Advocates for increased manufacturing in the United States.

Economy

PoliFact, Place lifetime ban on White House officials lobbying for foreign government

Plans to impose term limits on congress members.

As president, created a ban on lobbying by former congress members and cabinet members, which he later reversed.

Said, “We will pass a bold range of critical election integrity measures that include banning unsecure drop boxes and ballot harvesting.”

- Plans to impose term limits on congress members.
- As president, created a ban on lobbying by former congress members and cabinet members, which he later reversed.
- Said, “We will pass a bold range of critical election integrity measures that include banning unsecure drop boxes and ballot harvesting.”

Voting & Elections

Twitter

Instagram

Facebook

Youtube

Donald J. Trump

Ballotpedia - Chase Oliver

The Guardian -  The ‘armed and gay’ Senate hopeful who helped force Georgia’s runoff

Plans to abolish the Department of Education (DoE), return funds for the DoE to taxpayers.

Promises to end government provided student loans, make all student loans interest free, end future government-guaranteed loans, and permit individual bankruptcy to cancel student loan debt.

- Plans to abolish the Department of Education (DoE), return funds for the DoE to taxpayers.
- Promises to end government provided student loans, make all student loans interest free, end future government-guaranteed loans, and permit individual bankruptcy to cancel student loan debt.

Opposes government intervention on the issue of abortion as well as government funding for abortion, labels himself as "pro-choice".

Plans to invest in employer regulated insurance models like the "Direct Primary Care model", believing that government overregulation increases health care costs.

Plans to reform the health care drug market process to reduce high drug prices with free markets.

- Opposes government intervention on the issue of abortion as well as government funding for abortion, labels himself as "pro-choice".
- Plans to invest in employer regulated insurance models like the "Direct Primary Care model", believing that government overregulation increases health care costs.
- Plans to reform the health care drug market process to reduce high drug prices with free markets.

Plans to reform the criminal justice system by ending qualified immunity for federal law enforcement, ending mandatory minimum sentencing requirements, and ending the prosecution of "victimless crimes".

Promises to decriminalize cannabis, remove federal banking regulations on the cannabis industry, and issue presidential pardons to people convicted for non-violent drug offenses.

Said, "It’s time to end more than two generations of regressive, harmful, and unproductive drug policy and move America into a new chapter."

Opposes the death penalty, believes that it does not discourage crime, and may result in the death of innocent people.

Opposes gun restrictions, and plans to repeal existing restrictions.

Opposes warrantless wiretaps, the Patriot Act, and perceived overreaches of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act. 

Promises to protect individual privacy and civil liberties by pardoning people who have exposed illegal government overreach and violation of privacy.

- Plans to reform the criminal justice system by ending qualified immunity for federal law enforcement, ending mandatory minimum sentencing requirements, and ending the prosecution of "victimless crimes".
- Promises to decriminalize cannabis, remove federal banking regulations on the cannabis industry, and issue presidential pardons to people convicted for non-violent drug offenses.
- Said, "It’s time to end more than two generations of regressive, harmful, and unproductive drug policy and move America into a new chapter."
- Opposes the death penalty, believes that it does not discourage crime, and may result in the death of innocent people.
- Opposes gun restrictions, and plans to repeal existing restrictions.
- Opposes warrantless wiretaps, the Patriot Act, and perceived overreaches of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act. 
- Promises to protect individual privacy and civil liberties by pardoning people who have exposed illegal government overreach and violation of privacy.

Said, "There are few better examples of “bad government” than the overly complex current laws and regulations involving immigration. The President needs to take the lead and work with Congress to radically simplify our immigration system... Immigrants built this country and they can help keep it growing and prospering..."

Opposes drone strikes and frequent intervention of the United States into international conflicts, and instead believes that international peace is created by free trade and free markets.

Said, "It’s time we focus our foreign policy on Peace... Our nation has long had the moniker ‘leader of the free world.’  It is time we earn that distinction by insisting that Peace is the way forward..."

Plans to neutralize the loss of interest revenue from student loans by cutting costs in the Department of Defense, closing military bases overseas, and withdrawing troops abroad.

- Said, "There are few better examples of “bad government” than the overly complex current laws and regulations involving immigration. The President needs to take the lead and work with Congress to radically simplify our immigration system... Immigrants built this country and they can help keep it growing and prospering..."
- Opposes drone strikes and frequent intervention of the United States into international conflicts, and instead believes that international peace is created by free trade and free markets.
- Said, "It’s time we focus our foreign policy on Peace... Our nation has long had the moniker ‘leader of the free world.’  It is time we earn that distinction by insisting that Peace is the way forward..."
- Plans to neutralize the loss of interest revenue from student loans by cutting costs in the Department of Defense, closing military bases overseas, and withdrawing troops abroad.

As of February 16, 2024, Chase Oliver’s website did not contain information on this issue.

Supports reforming tax policy, eliminating "unnecessary" taxes, and ending subsidies for large companies in order to aid small businesses.

Said, "People create jobs, not the Government. The best I can do as President is to keep the government out of your way."

Said, "I want a well-educated populace that can compete with the minds of any other nation, but not at the cost of our nation's financial and retirement security."

Plans to balance the government budget to reduce inflation.

- Supports reforming tax policy, eliminating "unnecessary" taxes, and ending subsidies for large companies in order to aid small businesses.
- Said, "People create jobs, not the Government. The best I can do as President is to keep the government out of your way."
- Said, "I want a well-educated populace that can compete with the minds of any other nation, but not at the cost of our nation's financial and retirement security."
- Plans to balance the government budget to reduce inflation.

Advocates ranked choice voting in elections.

- Advocates ranked choice voting in elections.

Chase Oliver

Ballotpedia, Jill Stein

Advocates for guaranteeing free public education including trade schools, Pre-K through college, and graduate schools.

Prioritizes increasing public school funding and ending "privatization of public schools."

- Advocates for guaranteeing free public education including trade schools, Pre-K through college, and graduate schools.
- Supports abolishing student debt.
- Supports guaranteed free childcare.
- Prioritizes increasing public school funding and ending "privatization of public schools."

Prioritizes launching a national program to rebuild the U.S. epidemic and pandemic response.

Supports implementing a publicly-owned healthcare service to replace private hospitals, medical practices, and medical insurance to "...guarantee healthcare as a human right to everyone in the United States."

Opposes private funding of medical and pharmaceutical research.

Said, "Big pharma has failed to serve the public interest in an industry awash in private profit... It’s time to ensure the production of life-saving medicines that millions rely on with their production as public goods."

Prioritizes investment in local clinics and community hospitals.

Wants to federally legalize and fund medicinal cannabis research.

- Prioritizes launching a national program to rebuild the U.S. epidemic and pandemic response.
- Supports implementing a publicly-owned healthcare service to replace private hospitals, medical practices, and medical insurance to "...guarantee healthcare as a human right to everyone in the United States."
- Supports cancelling medical debt.
- Supports access to abortion.
- Opposes private funding of medical and pharmaceutical research.
- Said, "Big pharma has failed to serve the public interest in an industry awash in private profit... It’s time to ensure the production of life-saving medicines that millions rely on with their production as public goods."
- Prioritizes investment in local clinics and community hospitals.
- Wants to federally legalize and fund medicinal cannabis research.

Supports abolishing private prisons, detention centers, and the death penalty.

Said, "Fully legalize cannabis for recreational and medicinal use with similar restrictions to alcohol."

Wants to establishing community oversight of police through measures like auditing police departments and blocking offending officers from being rehired.

Said, "End qualified immunity for police and prosecutorial immunity."

Supports gun control measures such as banning the sale of assault rifles, passing "red flag laws", and closing gun show loopholes.

- Supports abolishing private prisons, detention centers, and the death penalty.
- Said, "Fully legalize cannabis for recreational and medicinal use with similar restrictions to alcohol."
- Wants to establishing community oversight of police through measures like auditing police departments and blocking offending officers from being rehired.
- Said, "End qualified immunity for police and prosecutorial immunity."
- Supports gun control measures such as banning the sale of assault rifles, passing "red flag laws", and closing gun show loopholes.
- Prioritizes ending the "War on Drugs."

Wants to replace Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) with an Office of Citizenship, Refugees, and Immigration Services.

Supports expanding mental health services and programs for refugees and removing strict requirements for employment and linguistic assimilation.

Wants to expand available visas for immigrants.

Advocates reducing the budget and size of the military.

Prioritizes fully funding veterans' benefits and programs such as healthcare, mental health services, housing, and job training.

Said, "Demand an immediate ceasefire in Israel and Palestine, an end to the blockade of Gaza, immediate humanitarian and medical relief, and release of hostages and political prisoners."

Supporting ending the United Nations (UN) Security Council.

- Wants to replace Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) with an Office of Citizenship, Refugees, and Immigration Services.
- Supports expanding mental health services and programs for refugees and removing strict requirements for employment and linguistic assimilation.
- Supports ending U.S. sanctions.
- Wants to expand available visas for immigrants.
- Advocates reducing the budget and size of the military.
- Prioritizes fully funding veterans' benefits and programs such as healthcare, mental health services, housing, and job training.
- Said, "Demand an immediate ceasefire in Israel and Palestine, an end to the blockade of Gaza, immediate humanitarian and medical relief, and release of hostages and political prisoners."
- Supporting ending the United Nations (UN) Security Council.

Plans to declare a climate emergency and issue executive actions to expedite national and international climate action.

Wants to achieve full renewable energy dependence and zero-to-negative carbon emissions by 2035.

Said, "Support a Constitutional Green amendment to guarantee the right of all people to clean air, land, and water."

Supports phasing out nuclear power and investing in geothermal energy.

Said, "Build a nationwide, publicly-owned smart electricity grid."

- Plans to declare a climate emergency and issue executive actions to expedite national and international climate action.
- Wants to achieve full renewable energy dependence and zero-to-negative carbon emissions by 2035.
- Said, "Support a Constitutional Green amendment to guarantee the right of all people to clean air, land, and water."
- Supports phasing out nuclear power and investing in geothermal energy.
- Said, "Build a nationwide, publicly-owned smart electricity grid."

As of August 23, 2024, Jill Stein’s website did not contain information on this issue.

Said, "Reduce taxes on incomes below the real median income of $75,000 per household."

Supports removing the cap on the Social Security tax for high-income earners and applying the Social Security payroll tax to all income.

Advocates progressive income and wealth taxation and increasing the estate tax.

Supports replacing corporate trade agreements with global fair trade agreements.

Opposes corporate stock buybacks and monopolies.

Supports a $25 minimum wage in line with cost inflation and productivity growth.

Advocates federally mandating and funding 3 weeks of paid sick leave, 8 weeks of paid vacation per year, and 1-year parental leave for all new parents.

Said, "Expand and defend workers’ right to unionize to include domestic, agricultural, and so-called 'gig' workers."

Prioritizes closing the pay gap and ending wage discrimination based on gender, race, or other factors.

- Said, "Reduce taxes on incomes below the real median income of $75,000 per household."
- Supports removing the cap on the Social Security tax for high-income earners and applying the Social Security payroll tax to all income.
- Advocates progressive income and wealth taxation and increasing the estate tax.
- Supports replacing corporate trade agreements with global fair trade agreements.
- Opposes corporate stock buybacks and monopolies.
- Supports a $25 minimum wage in line with cost inflation and productivity growth.
- Advocates federally mandating and funding 3 weeks of paid sick leave, 8 weeks of paid vacation per year, and 1-year parental leave for all new parents.
- Said, "Expand and defend workers’ right to unionize to include domestic, agricultural, and so-called 'gig' workers."
- Prioritizes closing the pay gap and ending wage discrimination based on gender, race, or other factors.

Wants to implement ranked-choice voting for all elections.

Said, "Work to overturn Citizens United and Buckley v. Valeo and abolish corporate personhood by Constitutional Amendment."

Supports abolishing the Electoral College.

Supports expanding polling locations and making free mail voting an option for all elections.

Said, "Increase the number of Supreme Court justices from 9 to 18, with 18-year term limits staggered so that one seat opens per year."

Said, "Eliminate gerrymandering by enacting proportional representation."

- Wants to implement ranked-choice voting for all elections.
- Said, "Work to overturn Citizens United and Buckley v. Valeo and abolish corporate personhood by Constitutional Amendment."
- Supports abolishing the Electoral College.
- Supports expanding polling locations and making free mail voting an option for all elections.
- Said, "Increase the number of Supreme Court justices from 9 to 18, with 18-year term limits staggered so that one seat opens per year."
- Advocates lowering the voting age to 16.
- Said, "Eliminate gerrymandering by enacting proportional representation."

Jill Stein

Ballotpedia, Kamala Harris

Hopes to make higher education more affordable.

Said she will "fight to ensure parents can afford high-quality child care and preschool for their children."

- Hopes to make higher education more affordable.
- Said she will "fight to ensure parents can afford high-quality child care and preschool for their children."

The Cut,  What to Know About Kamala Harris’s Policy Proposals

Wants to overturn the Hyde Amendment, which restricts federal funding for abortions to a limited number of exceptions.

Proposes capping the price of insulin at $35 for every patient and out-of-pocket expenses for prescription drugs to $2,000 per year.

Supports investing in mental health and suicide prevention efforts for veterans and hopes to expand economic opportunities for military and veteran families.

- Supports access to abortion nationwide. 
- Wants to overturn the Hyde Amendment, which restricts federal funding for abortions to a limited number of exceptions.
- Proposes capping the price of insulin at $35 for every patient and out-of-pocket expenses for prescription drugs to $2,000 per year.
- Supports investing in mental health and suicide prevention efforts for veterans and hopes to expand economic opportunities for military and veteran families.

NPR, Kamala Harris' War Against Truancy: Was It Necessary And What Went Wrong?

Supports gun control measures such as universal background checks, red-flag laws, and a ban on assault weapons.

As district attorney (DA), supported a California law that required parents to pay a $2,500 fine or risk facing a year in jail if their child was often absent from school. She later said that she regrets how DAs used this law to criminalize parents.

- Supports gun control measures such as universal background checks, red-flag laws, and a ban on assault weapons.
- As district attorney (DA), supported a California law that required parents to pay a $2,500 fine or risk facing a year in jail if their child was often absent from school. She later said that she regrets how DAs used this law to criminalize parents.

NPR, Harris explains her policy shifts and Day 1 plan in 1st sit-down interview as nominee

Supports increasing the number of border patrol agents and asylum officers to strengthen border security and expedite the asylum process.

Supports a cease-fire in Gaza and a hostage deal and also said, "I will always stand up for Israel’s right to defend itself, and I will always ensure Israel has the ability to defend itself... At the same time, what has happened in Gaza over the past ten months is devastating."

Supports a two-state solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.

Supports a two-state solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, where "Israel is secure and, in equal measure, the Palestinians have security and self-determination and dignity.” 

- Supports increasing the number of border patrol agents and asylum officers to strengthen border security and expedite the asylum process.
- Supports a cease-fire in Gaza and a hostage deal and also said, "I will always stand up for Israel’s right to defend itself, and I will always ensure Israel has the ability to defend itself... At the same time, what has happened in Gaza over the past ten months is devastating."
- Supports a two-state solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, where "Israel is secure and, in equal measure, the Palestinians have security and self-determination and dignity.” 

PBS, What does Kamala Harris believe? Where the candidate stands on 9 issues

Supports the Paris climate accord and criticized President Trump's decision to withdraw.

- Supports the Paris climate accord and criticized President Trump's decision to withdraw.

As of August 22, 2024, Kamala Harris’s website did not contain information on this issue.

Supports a federal ban on corporate price gauging for groceries.

Supports raising the minimum wage, ending sub-minimum wages for tipped workers and people with disabilities, establishing paid family and medical leave, and eliminating taxes on tips for service and hospitality workers. 

Proposes expanding child tax credits to give low- and middle-income families up to $6,000 during the first year of their baby's life.

Supports giving first-time home buyers up to $25,000 to help with down payments. 

Proposes building three million more rental units and affordable homes, cutting "red tape" to speed up construction, and outlawing price fixing by corporate landlords to make rent and home ownership more affordable.

Supports the Public Service Freedom to Negotiate Act, which allows public service workers to form unions, and the Protecting the Right to Organize (PRO) Act, which strengthens the right to collective bargaining and to join a labor union.

- Supports a federal ban on corporate price gauging for groceries.
- Supports raising the minimum wage, ending sub-minimum wages for tipped workers and people with disabilities, establishing paid family and medical leave, and eliminating taxes on tips for service and hospitality workers. 
- Proposes expanding child tax credits to give low- and middle-income families up to $6,000 during the first year of their baby's life.
- Supports giving first-time home buyers up to $25,000 to help with down payments. 
- Proposes building three million more rental units and affordable homes, cutting "red tape" to speed up construction, and outlawing price fixing by corporate landlords to make rent and home ownership more affordable.
- Supports the Public Service Freedom to Negotiate Act, which allows public service workers to form unions, and the Protecting the Right to Organize (PRO) Act, which strengthens the right to collective bargaining and to join a labor union.

Supports expanding automatic and same-day voter registration, making election day a national holiday, ending partisan gerrymandering, and protecting voters against voter purges.

Supports Supreme Court reforms such as requiring Justices to comply with ethics rules and establishing term limits.

- Supports expanding automatic and same-day voter registration, making election day a national holiday, ending partisan gerrymandering, and protecting voters against voter purges.
- Supports Supreme Court reforms such as requiring Justices to comply with ethics rules and establishing term limits.

Kamala Harris

As of August 22, 2024, Robert F. Kennedy’s website did not contain information on this issue.

Robert F. Kennedy

- The President is the leader of the federal Executive Branch. They are primarily responsible for implementing and enforcing laws written by Congress.
- The President influences the national laws and regulations by proposing legislation and winning support from members of Congress. They can also veto legislation that was approved by Congress, which can only then be overridden by a two-thirds vote.
- The President can pass executive orders without the approval of Congress. Examples of historic executive orders include Abraham Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation, which freed all slaves, and Franklin Roosevelt's establishment of internment camps during World War II.
- The President is the Commander in Chief of the US Armed Forces, which includes the Army, Marines, Navy, Air Force, Space Force, and Coast Guard. Only Congress can declare war, but the President plays a key role in deciding when and where to deploy troops, even when war hasn't been declared. The President also has sole nuclear launch authority.
- The President appoints and manages the Vice President and their Cabinet, which includes the heads of 15 executive departments that impact a wide range of issues, including agriculture, education, housing, and transportation.
- Outside of their official powers, the President can act as a leader to the American public, as seen in moments of crisis, like Franklin D. Roosevelt's fireside chats during the Great Depression. Additionally, their advocacy for certain policies or social issues can shape public opinion and create action, similar to how President John F. Kennedy galvanized the nation around the space race in the 1960s.